Spain idzakhala chitsanzo cha mphamvu zobiriwira ku Europe. Lipoti laposachedwa la McKinsey limati: “Spain ili ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zambiri komanso mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso zomwe zimapikisana kwambiri, malo abwino komanso chuma chapamwamba kwambiri chaukadaulo… kuti ikhale mtsogoleri wa ku Europe pankhani ya mphamvu zokhazikika komanso zoyera.” lipotilo likuti Spain iyenera kuyika ndalama m'magawo atatu ofunikira: magetsi, haidrojeni wobiriwira ndi mafuta achilengedwe.
Poyerekeza ndi mayiko ena onse aku Europe, zachilengedwe za ku Spain zimapatsa dzikolo mwayi waukulu wopanga magetsi amphepo ndi dzuwa. Izi, kuphatikiza ndi mphamvu zopangira zinthu zomwe dzikolo lili nazo kale, malo abwino andale komanso "gulu la anthu ogula magetsi a hydrogen", zimathandiza dzikolo kupanga hydrogen yoyera pamtengo wotsika kwambiri kuposa mayiko ambiri oyandikana nawo ndi ogwirizana nawo pazachuma. McKinsey adanenanso kuti mtengo wapakati wopanga hydrogen yobiriwira ku Spain ndi ma euro 1.4 pa kilogalamu poyerekeza ndi ma euro 2.1 pa kilogalamu ku Germany. ngati (window.innerWidth)
Uwu ndi mwayi wodabwitsa wazachuma, osatchulanso nsanja yofunika kwambiri yotsogolera nyengo. Spain yapereka ndalama zokwana mayuro 18 biliyoni ($19.5 biliyoni) kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito popanga ndi kufalitsa haidrojeni wobiriwira (mawu wamba a haidrojeni wochokera ku magwero a mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso), "mpaka pano ndiye kuyesetsa kwakukulu kwa ku Europe kuyambitsa ukadaulo wofunikira kwambiri ku mphamvu zapadziko lonse lapansi". dziko loyamba losintha nyengo," malinga ndi Bloomberg, "kontinenti yopanda tsankho." "Spain ili ndi mwayi wapadera wokhala Saudi Arabia wa haidrojeni wobiriwira," adatero Carlos Barrasa, wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wa mphamvu zoyera ku fakitale yoyeretsera zinthu ya Cepsa SA.
Komabe, otsutsa akuchenjeza kuti mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa zomwe zilipo sizikwanira kupanga haidrojeni wobiriwira wochuluka wokwanira kulowa m'malo mwa gasi ndi malasha mu petrochemicals, kupanga zitsulo ndi zinthu zaulimi. Kuphatikiza apo, funso likubuka ngati mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa zonsezi ndizothandiza kwambiri pazinthu zina. Lipoti latsopano lochokera ku International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) likuchenjeza za "kugwiritsa ntchito haidrojeni mosasamala", likulimbikitsa opanga mfundo kuti ayese zinthu zofunika kwambiri mosamala ndikuganiza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito haidrojeni mofala "kungagwirizane ndi zofunikira za mphamvu ya haidrojeni." Kuchotsa mpweya padziko lonse lapansi. Lipotilo likunena kuti haidrojeni wobiriwira "umafuna mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zina." Mwanjira ina, kusinthira mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa kwambiri kupanga haidrojeni kungachedwetse kayendetsedwe konse ka kuchotsa mpweya.
Pali nkhani ina yofunika: dziko lonse la Europe silingakhale lokonzeka kukwera kwa haidrojeni wobiriwira. Chifukwa cha Spain, padzakhala magetsi, koma kodi kufunikira kudzagwirizana ndi izi? Spain ili kale ndi maulumikizidwe ambiri a gasi ndi kumpoto kwa Europe, zomwe zimailola kutumiza mwachangu komanso motchipa mafuta ake a haidrojeni wobiriwira, koma kodi misika iyi yakonzeka? Europe ikukanganabe za chomwe chimatchedwa "Green Deal" cha EU, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti miyezo yamagetsi ndi magawo amagetsi akadali pamwamba. Zisankho zikubwera ku Spain mu Julayi zomwe zingasinthe malo andale omwe akuthandizira kufalikira kwa haidrojeni wobiriwira, zomwe zikupangitsa kuti nkhani yandale ikhale yovuta.
Komabe, makampani akuluakulu aboma ndi achinsinsi ku Europe akuoneka kuti akuthandiza kusintha kwa Spain kukhala malo abwino kwambiri opangira hydrogen ku kontinenti. BP ndi kampani yayikulu yogulitsa hydrogen yobiriwira ku Spain ndipo Netherlands yangogwirizana ndi Spain kuti atsegule njira yolumikizirana ndi ammonia kuti ithandize kutumiza hydrogen yobiriwira ku kontinenti yonse.
Komabe, akatswiri akuchenjeza kuti Spain iyenera kusamala kuti isasokoneze unyolo wamagetsi womwe ulipo. "Pali njira yomveka bwino," Martin Lambert, mkulu wa kafukufuku wa haidrojeni ku Oxford Institute for Energy Research, adauza Bloomberg. "Gawo loyamba ndikuchotsa mpweya m'magetsi am'deralo momwe zingathere, kenako ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso." yopangidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito m'deralo kenako nkutumizidwa kunja. " if(window.innerWidth
Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti Spain ikugwiritsa ntchito haidrojeni wobiriwira wambiri m'deralo, makamaka "pochotsa mpweya woipa kwambiri" womwe ndi "wovuta kuuyika magetsi komanso wovuta kuuyendetsa mafakitale" monga kupanga zitsulo. McKinsey Total Zero Scenario "ikuganiza kuti ku Spain kokha, kupatula msika uliwonse waukulu ku Europe, kupezeka kwa haidrojeni kudzawonjezeka kupitirira kasanu ndi kawiri pofika chaka cha 2050." Kutulutsa magetsi ndi kuchotsa mpweya woipa m'dziko lonselo kudzapita patsogolo kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-07-2023
