Pa Julayi 26, boma la Germany Federal lidatengera mtundu watsopano wa National Hydrogen Energy Strategy, ndikuyembekeza kupititsa patsogolo chitukuko cha chuma cha hydrogen ku Germany kuti chithandizire kukwaniritsa cholinga chake cha 2045 chosalowerera ndale.
Germany ikufuna kukulitsa kudalira kwake kwa haidrojeni monga gwero lamphamvu lamtsogolo kuti achepetse mpweya wotenthetsa mpweya wochokera m'mafakitale oipitsa kwambiri monga zitsulo ndi mankhwala, komanso kuchepetsa kudalira mafuta obwera kuchokera kunja.Zaka zitatu zapitazo, mu June 2020, Germany idatulutsa njira yake yamphamvu ya hydrogen kwa nthawi yoyamba.
Chandamale cha hydrogen chobiriwira chawonjezeka kawiri
Baibulo latsopano la njira kumasulidwa ndi zosintha zina za njira yapachiyambi, makamaka kuphatikizapo inapita patsogolo chitukuko cha chuma haidrojeni, zigawo zonse adzakhala ndi mwayi wofanana msika wa haidrojeni, zonse nyengo-wochezeka wa hydrogen akuganiziridwa, ndi kukulitsa inapita patsogolo. za zomangamanga za haidrojeni, mgwirizano wapadziko lonse Kupititsa patsogolo, ndi zina zambiri, kupanga dongosolo lothandizira kupanga mphamvu ya haidrojeni, zoyendera, ntchito ndi misika.
Green haidrojeni, yopangidwa kudzera mu mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso monga dzuwa ndi mphepo, ndiye msana wa mapulani a Germany oti adzichotseretu mafuta oyaka mafuta m'tsogolomu.Poyerekeza ndi cholinga chomwe chinaperekedwa zaka zitatu zapitazo, boma la Germany lawonjezeranso mphamvu yobiriwira ya haidrojeni mu njira yatsopanoyi.Njirayi imanena kuti pofika chaka cha 2030, mphamvu yopangira ma hydrogen obiriwira ku Germany idzafika ku 10GW ndikupanga dzikolo kukhala "chomera chamagetsi cha hydrogen".wotsogolera wamkulu waukadaulo".
Malinga ndi zoneneratu, pofika chaka cha 2030, kufunikira kwa haidrojeni ku Germany kudzafika pa 130 TWh.Kufunaku kutha kukhala kokwera mpaka 600 TWh pofika 2045 ngati Germany ikuyenera kusalowerera ndale.
Choncho, ngakhale mphamvu ya electrolysis yamadzi am'nyumba ikuwonjezeka kufika 10GW pofika 2030, 50% mpaka 70% ya zofuna za hydrogen ku Germany zidzakwaniritsidwabe kudzera m'mayiko ena, ndipo chiwerengerochi chidzapitirira kukwera zaka zingapo zikubwerazi.
Zotsatira zake, boma la Germany likuti likugwiritsa ntchito njira ina yotengera hydrogen.Kuphatikiza apo, akukonzekera kumanga mapaipi amagetsi a hydrogen pafupifupi makilomita 1,800 ku Germany koyambirira kwa 2027-2028 kudzera pakumanga kwatsopano kapena kukonzanso.
"Kuyika ndalama mu haidrojeni ndikuyika ndalama m'tsogolo lathu, kuteteza nyengo, ntchito zaukadaulo komanso chitetezo champhamvu," adatero Wachiwiri kwa Chancellor ndi Nduna ya Zachuma ku Germany Habeck.
Pitirizani kuthandizira blue hydrogen
Pansi pa ndondomeko yosinthidwa, boma la Germany likufuna kufulumizitsa chitukuko cha msika wa hydrogen ndi "kukweza kwambiri mlingo wa mtengo wonse wamtengo wapatali".Pakalipano, ndalama zothandizira boma zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa hydrogen wobiriwira, ndipo cholinga chimakhalabe "kukwaniritsa zodalirika zobiriwira, zokhazikika za haidrojeni ku Germany".
Kuphatikiza pa njira zofulumizitsa kukula kwa msika m'malo angapo (onetsetsani kuti hydrogen yokwanira pofika chaka cha 2030, pangani maziko olimba a haidrojeni ndi ntchito, pangani zikhalidwe zogwira ntchito), zisankho zatsopano zokhudzana ndi kuthandizira kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya haidrojeni.
Ngakhale thandizo lachindunji lazachuma la mphamvu ya haidrojeni yomwe ikuperekedwa munjira yatsopanoyi ndi yochepera pakupanga hydrogen wobiriwira, kugwiritsa ntchito hydrogen yopangidwa kuchokera kumafuta oyambira (otchedwa blue hydrogen), omwe mpweya wake wa carbon dioxide umagwidwa ndikusungidwa, ungathenso kulandira. thandizo la boma..
Monga momwe ndondomekoyi imanenera, haidrojeni mumitundu ina iyeneranso kugwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka pakhale haidrojeni wobiriwira wokwanira.Pankhani ya mkangano wa Russia-Ukraine komanso vuto la mphamvu, cholinga chachitetezo chachitetezo chakhala chofunikira kwambiri.
Hydrogen yopangidwa kuchokera kumagetsi ongowonjezedwanso ikuwoneka ngati njira yothetsera mavuto m'magawo monga mafakitale olemera komanso oyendetsa ndege omwe amakhala ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri polimbana ndi kusintha kwanyengo.Imawonedwanso ngati njira yolimbikitsira magetsi ndi zomera za haidrojeni ngati zosunga zobwezeretsera panthawi yamagetsi ocheperako.
Kuphatikiza pa mkangano wokhudzana ndi kuthandizira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kupanga haidrojeni, gawo la ntchito za mphamvu za haidrojeni lakhalanso gawo lalikulu la zokambirana.Njira yosinthidwa ya haidrojeni ikunena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito haidrojeni m'malo osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito sikuyenera kuletsedwa.
Komabe, ndalama za dziko ziyenera kuyang'ana pa malo omwe kugwiritsa ntchito haidrojeni "ndikofunikira kapena palibe njira ina".Njira yaku Germany yamphamvu ya hydrogen imaganizira za kuthekera kofalikira kwa hydrogen wobiriwira.Cholinga chake ndikuphatikizana kwamagulu ndi kusintha kwa mafakitale, koma boma la Germany limathandiziranso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa haidrojeni m'magulu oyendera mtsogolo.Hydrojeni wobiriwira ali ndi kuthekera kwakukulu m'makampani, m'magawo ena ovuta kutulutsa mpweya monga kayendedwe ka ndege ndi zam'madzi, komanso ngati chakudya chamankhwala.
Njirayi ikunena kuti kuwongolera mphamvu zamagetsi komanso kufulumizitsa kukulitsa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndikofunikira kuti tikwaniritse zolinga zanyengo zaku Germany.Idawonetsanso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mwachindunji magetsi ongowonjezedwanso ndikwabwino nthawi zambiri, monga magalimoto amagetsi kapena mapampu otentha, chifukwa cha kutayika kwake kochepa poyerekeza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito hydrogen.
Pamayendedwe apamsewu, haidrojeni imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto olemera kwambiri, pomwe pakuwotcha idzagwiritsidwa ntchito "pazokhazokha," boma la Germany lidatero.
Kukweza kwabwino kumeneku kukuwonetsa kutsimikiza mtima kwa Germany komanso kufunitsitsa kupanga mphamvu ya haidrojeni.Njirayi imanena momveka bwino kuti pofika chaka cha 2030, Germany idzakhala "wothandizira wamkulu wa teknoloji ya haidrojeni" ndikukhazikitsa ndondomeko yachitukuko cha mafakitale a mphamvu ya hydrogen ku Ulaya ndi mayiko ena, monga njira zoperekera chilolezo, miyezo yogwirizana ndi machitidwe a certification, ndi zina zotero.
Akatswiri a mphamvu za ku Germany adanena kuti mphamvu ya haidrojeni idakalipobe gawo la kusintha kwa mphamvu zamakono.Sizinganyalanyazidwe kuti zimapereka mwayi wophatikiza chitetezo cha mphamvu, kusalowerera ndale kwa nyengo ndi kupititsa patsogolo mpikisano.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-08-2023
