Kodi msika wa PV waku Nigeria uli ndi kuthekera kotani?
Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti dziko la Nigeria pakali pano limagwiritsa ntchito 4GW yokha ya mphamvu zokhazikitsidwa kuchokera kumalo opangira magetsi opangira mafuta komanso malo opangira magetsi.Akuti kuti apereke mphamvu kwa anthu ake 200 miliyoni, dzikolo liyenera kukhazikitsa pafupifupi 30GW ya mphamvu yakubadwa.
Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwa International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), pofika kumapeto kwa 2021, mphamvu yoyika ya ma photovoltaic systems yolumikizidwa ndi gridi ku Nigeria idzakhala 33MW yokha.Ngakhale kuwala kwa magetsi kwa dziko kumachokera ku 1.5MWh/m² kufika ku 2.2MWh/m², n’chifukwa chiyani dziko la Nigeria lili ndi zinthu zambiri zopangira magetsi opangidwa ndi magetsi opangidwa ndi magetsi otchedwa photovoltaic koma likukakamizidwabe ndi umphawi wa mphamvu?Bungwe la International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) likuyerekeza kuti pofika chaka cha 2050, malo opangira mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu akhoza kukwaniritsa 60% ya zosowa za mphamvu za Nigeria.
Pakalipano, 70% ya magetsi aku Nigeria amaperekedwa ndi magetsi opangidwa ndi mafuta, ndipo ena ambiri amachokera kumalo opangira magetsi.Makampani asanu akuluakulu opanga zinthu akulamulira dzikolo, ndi Nigeria Transmission Company, kampani yokhayo yotumizira mauthenga, yomwe imayang'anira chitukuko, kukonza ndi kukulitsa njira zotumizira mauthenga mdziko muno.
Kampani yogawa magetsi mdziko muno yakhala yabizinesi kwathunthu, ndipo magetsi opangidwa ndi ma jenereta amagulitsidwa ku Nigerian Bulk Electricity Trading Company (NBET), yomwe ndi yokhayo yochita malonda amagetsi ambiri mdziko muno.Makampani ogulitsa magetsi amagula magetsi kuchokera ku majenereta posayina mapangano ogula mphamvu (PPAs) ndikugulitsa kwa ogula popereka makontrakitala.Kapangidwe kameneka kamatsimikizira kuti makampani opanga magetsi amalandira mtengo wotsimikizika wamagetsi zivute zitani.Koma pali zinthu zina zofunika kwambiri ndi izi zomwe zakhudzanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa photovoltaics monga gawo la kusakaniza kwa mphamvu ku Nigeria.
nkhawa za phindu
Nigeria idakambirana koyamba za malo opangira mphamvu zamagetsi olumikizidwa ndi gridi kuzungulira 2005, pomwe dzikolo lidayambitsa njira ya "Vision 30:30:30".Ndondomekoyi ikufuna kukwaniritsa cholinga chokhazikitsa 32GW ya malo opangira magetsi pofika chaka cha 2030, 9GW yomwe idzachokera kumalo opangira mphamvu zowonjezera, kuphatikizapo 5GW ya photovoltaic systems.
Pambuyo pazaka zopitilira 10, opanga magetsi odziyimira pawokha 14 adatha kusaina mapangano ogula magetsi ndi Nigerian Bulk Electricity Trading Company (NBET).Boma la Nigeria lidayambitsanso mtengo wa feed-in tariff (FIT) kuti ma photovoltais azikhala okongola kwa osunga ndalama.Chosangalatsa ndichakuti palibe imodzi mwama projekiti oyambilira a PV omwe adathandizidwa ndi ndalama chifukwa chakusatsimikizika kwa mfundo komanso kusowa kwa gridi.
Nkhani yofunika kwambiri ndi yakuti boma lidabweza mitengo yomwe idakhazikitsidwa kale kuti ichepetse mitengo yazakudya, kutchula kutsika kwamitengo ya module ya PV ngati chifukwa.Pa ma IPP a 14 a PV m'dzikoli, awiri okha adavomereza kuchepetsedwa kwa msonkho wa chakudya, pamene ena onse adanena kuti malipiro a kudyetsa anali ochepa kwambiri kuti asavomereze.
Kampani yaku Nigerian Bulk Electricity Trading Company (NBET) ikufunanso chitsimikiziro chachiwopsezo chapang'ono, mgwirizano pakati pa kampaniyo ngati yochotsa ndi mabungwe azachuma.Kwenikweni, ndi chitsimikizo chopereka ndalama zambiri ku Nigerian Bulk Electricity Trading Company (NBET) ngati ingafunike ndalama, zomwe boma likuyenera kupereka ku mabungwe azachuma.Popanda chitsimikizo ichi, ma PV IPPs sangathe kukwanitsa kuthetsa ndalama.Koma mpaka pano boma lakana kupereka zitsimikizo, mwa zina chifukwa cha kusowa kwa chidaliro pamsika wamagetsi, ndipo mabungwe ena azachuma tsopano achotsa zopereka kuti apereke zitsimikizo.
Pamapeto pake, kusakhulupirira kwa obwereketsa ku msika wamagetsi waku Nigeria kumabweranso chifukwa cha zovuta zazikulu ndi gululi, makamaka pankhani yodalirika komanso kusinthasintha.Ichi ndichifukwa chake obwereketsa ambiri ndi omanga amafunikira zitsimikizo kuti ateteze ndalama zawo, ndipo zambiri za gridi ku Nigeria sizikugwira ntchito modalirika.
Ndondomeko za boma la Nigeria zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa photovoltaic systems ndi zina zowonjezera mphamvu zowonjezera ndizo maziko a chitukuko cha mphamvu zoyera.Njira imodzi yomwe ingaganizidwe ndikuchotsa msika wolanda polola makampani kugula magetsi mwachindunji kuchokera kwa ogulitsa magetsi.Izi makamaka zimachotsa kufunikira kwa kuwongolera mitengo, kupangitsa iwo omwe samasamala kulipira ndalama zambiri kuti akhazikike komanso kusinthasintha kutero.Izi zimachotsa zambiri zomwe obwereketsa amafunikira kuti azipereka ndalama zothandizira ntchito ndikuwongolera ndalama.
Kuphatikiza apo, kukweza zida za gridi ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zotumizira ndikofunikira, kuti machitidwe ambiri a PV athe kulumikizidwa ku gridi, potero kumapangitsa chitetezo champhamvu.Apanso, mabanki achitukuko chamayiko ambiri ali ndi gawo lofunikira.Mafakitale opangira magetsi opangidwa ndi mafuta oyambira pansi adapangidwa bwino ndipo akupitilizabe kugwira ntchito chifukwa cha zitsimikizo zangozi zomwe mabanki akumayiko osiyanasiyana akupanga.Ngati izi zitha kuwonjezeredwa ku msika womwe ukubwera wa PV ku Nigeria, zikulitsa chitukuko ndi kutengera machitidwe a PV.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-18-2023
